Hi Madgoldnz- Sure no worries
Its a good question and Im not sure I have the right answer as its a little outside my area of expertise and its also a really complex question. So ill attempt to elaborate a little on it. Here goes, Bear with me:
Scientists have a pretty good idea of the mechanisms of man made climate change and what has caused it. The science on this is overwhelming and continues to strengthen every day. We (and I use this term collectively) also have an understanding of what impacts this is going to have on the planet as well as our social fabric. This is also advancing and we are getting better at understanding this as well.
- We know what causes climate change - Mainly C02 but there are other gases such as Methane CH4 and Nitrous Oxide N20 ( collectively called greenhouse gases) as well as others.
- We know where these gases come from- Mainly the burning of fossil fuels due to combustion.
- And we know the affects of rising levels of greenhouse gases has on the planet- Greater heat in the atmosphere, greater ocean acidification, changes to food systems, sea level rise etc etc
Therefore the question becomes what impact does this have on humans. Now thats massively complex question as well with an equally complex and evolving answer but I think you get the drift that it has a lot of negative affects for example distribution to food systems, reduction in fresh water, desertification, famine, coastal inundation etc etc . It also has some positive affects such as areas that were not suitable for agriculture are now becoming suitable eg the Steppes of Russia and Canada (Ironically these countries will benefit the most from climate change) but im digressing
Therefore what do we need to do to limit its impact on Us the people of the world and part of this requires the following:
- Moving away from a carbon based economy
- Reducing the amount of carbon we burn
- Better utilization of resources eg waste recycling
- Protection of food systems that will be affected by climate change
- managing the displacement of people affected by climate change
- Protecting the natural world eg forests which act as carbon sinks
This list is by no means the only things but I want to try and keep it simple and not waffle
With the above 6 or so points we need a combination of technology and and change within ourselves to make these changes. This requires investment in everything from new technologies as well as a push from governments to push people in the right direction. Yes part of this is legislation.
Its this last point that I think is where the need for political action is required. We know humans are social animals and we also know that in order for a group(meaning our society) to change or adapt requires leaders that are willing to make hard decisions so as to bring about change for the better.
Here are some examples I think that require political action that will benefit us (Once again this is just of the top of my head and is by no means all or the most important things we need to do)
- Investment in renewable energy sources as well as fusion technology
- Uptake of nuclear energy
- Exploring and mining of natural gas ( Used as a transition away from coal and oil based power systems) until greener technologies come online (NZ has huge reserves of this)
- Investment in GM modified plants so as to increase crop yields and grow in harsh environments
- Electrification of transport and the use of self driving vehicles. Better Public transport infrastructure
- Better waste management ie recycling
- The uptake of biodegradable packaging so as to reduce plastic usage
- The move away from heavy meat based diets to a more sustainable and plant based diet and also synthetic meats (Trust me I like a good steak and im not advocating we ban steak )
Some of the above is controversial to some and its going to require massive changes in how we do things. This requires leaders that can bring us to where we need to go. Thats not an easy feat and requires serious political and cultural change.
Im hopeful though as the benefits of moving to a more sustainable and technological future will result in hugely massive benefits and economic prosperity. Already we are seeing the benefits of this through advances in health technologies, new materials, smarter cities, reductions in infant mortality , better access to potable water etc etc